Catheter –Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Management, And Preventions

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections(CA-UTIs) or health care associated UTIs are most common inhospitals, and in long term-care facilities(LTCFs)Up to 25% of patients in the hospitals have a catheter inserted at some time during their stay. Long term catheterization and catheter insertion outside operating room, lack of systemic antimicrobial therapy, female sex, old age, diabetes, elevated serum creatinine,and,instrumentation of urinary tract are the risk factors of CA-bacteriuria. Urinary catheterization provides easier access of uropathogens to bladder. Bacteria attached to catheter form micro colonies that mature into biofilims, these biofilms protect uropathogens from antibiotics. Diagnosis of UTI is based on significant bacteriuria. Frequently isolated uropathogens include Escherichia coli, enterococcus , enterobacteriacae, and Candida albicans. Empiric treatment should be based on Gram stain, culture and antibiotic susceptibility results. Lo E, et al. guidelines for prevention and surveillance of CA-UTIs are useful.